Juan José Valle was born on March 15, 1896, in Argentina. He entered military service in his youth and rose steadily through the ranks of the Argentine Army. Valle was regarded as a competent and respected officer, known for his professionalism and loyalty to constitutional governance. During the presidency of Juan Domingo Perón, Valle maintained a neutral stance in the political conflicts that increasingly polarized Argentina. However, after the Revolución Libertadora—the military coup that overthrew Perón on September 16, 1955—Valle became one of several officers disillusioned with the new de facto regime led by General Pedro Eugenio Aramburu.

The anti-Peronist purge launched by Aramburu’s government included the banning of the Peronist Party, the imprisonment of union leaders, and the annulment of Perón's 1949 Constitution. Valle viewed these actions as unconstitutional and authoritarian. Voluntarily resigning from the military, he aligned himself with other former officers sympathetic to the Peronist cause, such as Colonel Raúl Tanco. Despite his withdrawal from active duty, Valle was briefly detained in a military installation and then placed under house arrest due to suspicions of disloyalty.

On June 9, 1956, Valle launched a coordinated armed uprising against the Aramburu dictatorship, hoping to restore constitutional democracy and end the brutal suppression of Peronist supporters. The rebellion began with military and civilian actions across several provinces, including Buenos Aires, La Plata, Rosario, and Córdoba. Although the insurrection was widespread, it was poorly organized and quickly neutralized. Only seven combat deaths were officially recorded during the uprising itself.

In a display of zero tolerance, the Aramburu regime swiftly captured the conspirators. Rather than pursuing lenient or negotiated justice, the government chose to make a brutal example of them.

On June 12, 1956, just three days after the failed uprising, Juan José Valle was executed by firing squad at the National Penitentiary of Buenos Aires. He was among 27 rebels executed, including both military and civilian participants, many of whom were killed without trial, in what became known as the León Suárez massacre.