Anna Marie Hahn was born on July 7, 1906, in Bavaria, Germany. She was the youngest of twelve children. By the time Anna was born, five of her siblings had already died. Her father, George Filser, worked as a furniture manufacturer, and the family was considered to be financially well-off.

At the age of 19, Anna became pregnant with her son, Oskar. She claimed that the father was a Viennese physician named Dr. Max Matscheki, who was said to be a well-known cancer researcher. However, no records of Dr. Matscheki exist, and the true identity of Oskar's father remains unknown. Because of the scandal, Anna's family decided to send her to the United States in 1929. Her son Oskar stayed behind in Bavaria with her parents.

While in the U.S., Anna lived with her relatives, Max and Anna Doeschel, in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1930, she met Philip Hahn, a fellow German immigrant, and they got married. Anna later traveled back to Germany to bring Oskar to live with her and her husband in Ohio.

Anna Marie Hahn is known for murdering elderly men in Cincinnati between 1933 and 1937. Her first alleged victim was Ernst Kohler, who died on May 6, 1933, shortly after they became friends. He left her a house in his will. After that, Anna's next victim was Albert Parker, 72 years old. He also died soon after she began caring for him. Before his death, she had signed an I.O.U. for $1,000 that she borrowed from him, but it disappeared after he died.

Jacob Wagner, who was 78, died on June 3, 1937. He left $17,000 cash to Anna, whom he referred to as his "beloved niece." She then cared for 67-year-old George Gsellman, who died on July 6, 1937. For her care of him, she received $17,000. Anna's last victim was Georg Obendoerfer, who died on August 1, 1937, during a trip to Colorado Springs with her and her son. Obendoerfer became very sick while traveling and died shortly after arriving at their destination.

The investigation began when an autopsy on Obendoerfer revealed high levels of arsenic in his body, raising suspicions among the police. They later exhumed the bodies of Kohler and Parker and found that they had also been poisoned. Anna Marie Hahn became a prime suspect and was soon arrested.

In November 1937, after a four-week trial, she was convicted of murder. Anna was sentenced to death and executed in the electric chair at the Ohio Penitentiary in Columbus on December 7, 1938. She was buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery in Columbus.